Lake turnover how long




















As the weather becomes warmer in late May, the surface water warms again and begins to float on top of the cold deeper water. Once the lake begins to form into layers, summer stratification layering has begun. You can track spring turnover in an individual lake with a Secchi disk. A Secchi disk measures water clarity. During spring turnover, the clarity of a lake usually decreases because mixing brings up nutrient rich water from the bottom of the lake and causes the lake to look cloudy.

Also, the algae start growing due to the available nutrients, which decreases water clarity. Then, when turnover is complete, the clarity increases. If you take Secchi disk readings and surface water temperature readings every few days in May and early June, you can track spring turnover. During the fall, the warm surface water begins to cool. As water cools, it becomes more dense , causing it to sink. This dense water forces the water of the hypolimnion to rise, "turning over" the layers.

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During the summer the warmest water rises to the surface. Sun and the wind warm this water, and it contains ample oxygen. Oxygen levels will also decrease beneath this line. Below that line the hypolimnion low oxygen levels discourage fish from living there. Decomposing organic matter at the lake bottom contributes to the low oxygen level. Water is at its heaviest at 39 degrees, so as the surface temperatures drops to around 50 degrees, that top layer of water becomes heavier and wants to sink.

Lakes can take a few days to turn or it can happen over night. A cold front, cold rain, or a heavy wind can increase the turnover rate. When a lake turns, the surface water falls and the now-warmer water from the bottom rises. The bottom water can carry sediment and decomposing organic matter, thus creating smelly and dirty looking water.

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